产品编号检索/替代型号参数查询
mg冰球突破
  • ------热电堆温度传感器
    TO46 封装
    TO39 封装
  • ------碳化硅及晶圆
    碳化硅博乐国际在线
    碳化硅MOS
    碳化硅SBD
    碳化硅晶圆
  • ------通用型博乐国际在线
  • 1路常开及2路常开1a2a
    0~80V
    0~180mA
    200~900mA
    1000~2000mA
    2100~5000mA
    100~250V
    0~180mA
    200~900mA
    1000~2000mA
    2100~5000mA
    300~400V
    0~90mA
    100~180mA
    200~500mA
    600~800V
    0~90mA
    100~180mA
    200~600mA
    1000~1500V
    20~100mA
  • 1路常闭及2路常闭1b2b
    0~80V
    0~180mA
    200~900mA
    1000~2000mA
    2100~5000mA
    100~250V
    0~180mA
    200~900mA
    1000~2000mA
    2100~5000mA
    300~400V
    0~90mA
    100~180mA
    200~600mA
    600~800V
    0~90mA
    100~180mA
    200~600mA
  • 常开常闭双路触点1a1b
    0~60V
    100~500mA
    1000~2000mA
    200~250V
    100~250mA
    350~400V
    50~90mA
    100~200mA
    600V
  • ------栅级驱动光耦
    APPL-P314
    APPL-W314
    APPL-P341
    APPL-W341
    APPL-P343
    APPL-W343
    APPL-P480
    APPL-W480
    APPL-4800
  • ------高速通信光耦
    APPL-2501/APPL-2531
    APPL-2601/APPL-2631
    APPL-0601/APPL-0631
    APPL-M61L/APPL-M75L
    APPL-4502/03/04
  • ------固态继电器光耦
    APH0213/0223
    APH1213/1223
    APH2213/2223
    APH3213/3223
    APH4213/4223
  • ------常用型光耦
    光伏光耦
    ALP-190/ALP-191
    APPL-3902/APPL-3904/APPL-3905/APPL-3906
    APV1121/APV2221
    可控硅光耦
    MOC3020/21/22/23
    MOC3041/42/43
    MOC3051/52/53
    MOC3061/62/63
    MOC3081/82/83
    晶体管光耦
    AFH615A-4
    AFH6156-4
    AFH628A-3
    AFH6286-3
    4N25/4N35
    MOSFET驱动光耦
    APV1122
    APV1123
    APV1124
    APV1125
    光纤耦合器
    光耦系列晶圆
博乐国际在线相关知识
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  固态继电器在实际使用的很多情况下,经常由于负载侧的短路而发生固态继电器的损坏,这是大多数电气工程师在设计时常碰到的问题。固态继电器的故障问题,常见的主要有过热、过流过压这两种。当博乐国际在线发生这两种故障问题了,就会对测量结果有影响,需要...

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Structure and operational principle of Photrelays

Product line up

A PhotoRelays is a semiconductor relay with an LED as an input and MOSFET as an output.
It is used in various fields to improve device reliability and reduce size.






  • img01.jpg


  • (1)LED (light emitting diode)

  • (2)Photodiode dome array (PDA)

  • (3)MOS FET





、img02.jpg



  • (1)The LED lights when the current is connected at the input side.

  • (2)The light sent by the LED will be converted into voltage again when it is received by the photodiode .

  • (3)This voltage will be a gate voltage to drive MOS FET via control circuit.



Advantages of PhotoRelays


Obviously the PhotoRelays differ from the conventional electro-mechanical relays.
PhotoRelays are classified to semiconductor relays that have no moving contact, therefore they are superior to conventional electro-mechanical relays in life-expectance and reliability of contacts, operation speed, and their sizes.

But they also distinguish themselves from other switching solutions that utilize photo-couplers, photo-transistors etc.. PhotoRelays have MOSFET for output, therefore they are the most suitable devices for small analog signal switching.


Compared with Electro-Mechanical Relays
have moving contact:
Compared with SSR (Solid State Relays)
have phototriac for output:
●Longer lifetime (No limit on mechanical and electrical lifetime)
●Higher-speed and high-frequency switching
●Higher sensitivity (less power consumption)
●Smaller size
●Less contact problems such as arcs, bounce, and noise
●More resistant to vibration and impact
●No limitation for the mounting direction
●Able to control miniature analog signal
●Applicable to both AC/DC
●More sensibility
●Less leakage current
●Lower offset voltage
●Various contact structures such as 2a, 4a, 1b, 2b, and 1a1b in addition to 1a


PhotoRelays Technical Terminology


1.Technical Terminology

2.Reliability tests


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Term
Symbol
Description

Input
LED forward current
I F
Current that flows between the input terminals when the input diode is forward biased.

LED reverse voltage
V R
Reverse breakdown voltage between the input terminals.

Peak forward current
I FP
Maximum instantaneous value of the forward current.

LED operate current
I Fon
Current when the output switches on (by increasing the LED current) with a designated supply voltage and load connected between the output terminals.

LED turn off current
I Foff
Current when the output switches off (by decreasing the LED current) after operating the device with a designated supply voltage and load connected between the output terminals.

LED dropout voltage
V F
Dropout voltage between the input terminals due to forward current.

Power dissipation
P in
Allowable power dissipation between the input terminals.
Output
Load voltage
V L
Supply voltage range at the output used to normally operate the PhotoRelays. Represents the peak value for AC voltages.

Continuous load current
I L
Maximum current value that flows continuously between the output terminals of the PhotoRelays under designated ambient temperature conditions. Represents the peak value for AC current.

On resistance
R on
Obtained using the equation below from dropout voltage V DS
(on) between the output terminals (when a designated LED current is made to flow through the input terminals and the designated load current through the output terminals.)
R on
= V
DS
(on)/I
L

Off state leakage current
I Leak
Current flowing to the output when a designated supply voltage is applied between the output terminals with no LED current flow.

Power dissipation
P out
Allowable power dissipation between the output terminals.

Open-circuit output voltage
V oc
Voltage required for driving a MOSFET

Short-circuit current
I sc
Current that is output from the driver when the input is turned on
Electrical characteristics
Turn on time
T on
Delay time until the output switches on after a designated LED current is made to flow through the input terminals.

Turn off time
T off
Delay time until the output switches off after the designated LED current flowing through the input terminals is cut off.

I/O capacitance
C iso
Capacitance between the input and output terminals.

Output capacitance
C out
Capacitance between output terminals when LED current does not flow.

I/O isolation resistance
R iso
Resistance between terminals (input and output) when a specified voltage is applied between the input and output terminals.

Total power dissipation
P T
Allowable power dissipation in the entire circuit between the input and output terminals.

I/O isolation voltage
V iso
Critical value before dielectric breakdown occurs, when a high voltage is applied for 1 minute between the same terminals where the I/O isolation resistance is measured.
Ambient temperature
Operating
T opr
Ambient temperature range in which the PhotoRelays can operate normally with a designated load current conditions.

Storage
T stg
Ambient temperature range in which the PhotoRelays can be stored without applying voltage.
Max. operating frequency

Max. operating frequency at which a PhotoRelays can operate normally when applying the specified pulse input to the input terminal



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Classification
Item
Condition
Purpose
Life tests
High temperature storage test
T stg
(Max.)
Determines resistance to long term storage at high temperature.

Low temperature storage test
T stg
(Min.)
Determines resistance to long term storage at low temperature.

High temperature and high humidity storage test
85°C
185°F , 85%R.H.
Determines resistance to long term storage at high temperature and high humidity.

Continuous operation life test
V L
= Max., I
L
= Max.,
I F
= Recommended LED forward current
Determines resistance to electrical stress (voltage and current).
Thermal environment tests
Temperature cycling test
Low storage temperature (T stg
Min.)
High storage temperature (T stg Max.)
Determines resistance to exposure to both low temperatures and high temperatures.

Thermal shock test
Low temperature (0°C)
(32°F) , High temperature (100°C)
(212°F)
Determines resistance to exposure to sudden changes in temperature.

Solder burning resistance
260±5°C
500±41°F , 10 s
Determines resistance to thermal stress occurring while soldering.
Mechanical environment tests
Vibration test
196 m/s 2
{20 G}, 100 to 2,000 Hz*1
Determines the resistance to vibration sustained during shipment or operation.

Shock test
9,800 m/s 2
{1,000 G} 0.5 ms*2;
4,900 m/s 2
{500 G} 1 ms
Determines the mechanical and structural resistance to shock.

Terminal strength test
Determined from terminal shape and cross section
Determines the resistance to external force on the terminals of the PhotoRelays mounted on the PC board while wiring or operating.

Solderability
245°C
473°F
3 s (with soldering flux)
Evaluates the solderability of the terminals.


*1 10 to 55 Hz at double amplitude of 3 mm for Power PhotoRelays. *2 4,900 m/s 2 , 1 ms for Power PhotoRelays.



博乐国际在线 是固态继电器的一种。英文是Solid State Optronics Relay。


一般继电器都是机械触点,靠通电流过线圈变成有磁性的磁铁吸合触点,从而控制开光状态。而博乐国际在线工作原理类似于光耦,是由微电子电路,分立电子器件,电力电子功率器件组成的无触点开关。用隔离器件实现了控制端与负载端的隔离。固态继电器的输入端用微小的控制信号,达到直接驱动大电流负载。博乐国际在线归于 固态继电器 ,一般电磁继电器靠电流经过线圈使铁芯变成有磁性的磁铁吸合衔铁,从而使相关的触点动作操控负载的通断,而博乐国际在线没有触点,其工作原理与光耦有点类似。博乐国际在线为AC/DC并用的半导体继电器,指发光器件和受光器件一体化的器件。输入侧和输出侧电气性绝缘,但信号可以通过光信号传输。其内部的发光二极管是用来向光电元件放射光线的,光电元件接受光线并控制输出场效应管导通或截止。博乐国际在线还有另一种可控硅整流管(SCR)输出,它的负载电流比场效应管更大,后者可达到数安培,而前者可达到几十安培。相对于电磁继电器,博乐国际在线由于没有触点引起的磨损,使用寿命是无限的,同时也具有无震动、无切换声音等特性,与电磁继电器一样可控制各种负载(灯泡、发光二极管、加热器、马达等)。


博乐国际在线有无机械触点,长寿命,低动作电流,高隔离电压,高速切换。低泄漏电流,交直流兼用。广泛用于测量仪器,通讯设备,办公自动化。在选用继电器时,最重要的指标是所选继电器的触点电流和电压,以及控制继电器导通开断的信号的电流和电压大小。在使用时,小功率的继电器一般直接焊接在电路板上,中大功率的继电器一般会安装在继电器座上,依据需要冉将继电器座安装在标准导轨上。由于继电器容易产生火花,因此在较大的功率的时候,建议考虑使用固态继电器、交流接触器等。通信用继电器将在今后继续增长,占到全球继电器市场的1/4。高频继电器是其发展的主要方向,在电信领域、无线通信、宽带输送接入等需求的推动下,已成为机电式继电器更新换代的新平台和下一代通信技术加速完善的助推器。体积更小,适用于表面装贴,高可靠,抗干扰性能优良的通信继电器需求旺盛;未来5G发展所需用的新型通信继电器将成为其发展主流。第四代通信继电器技术已日渐成熟,第三代移动通信的展开,为其提供良好的市场前景。光继电器/微电子继电器是电子产品向数字化、自动化、超小型化方向发展所必需的。


光继电器/微电子继电器由于其泄露率小、隔离性能好、输出特性稳定优良等优点,其应用领域在不断扩大。适用于“物联网”的光继电器由于其高灵敏性、高可靠性而成为优选产品,将会是下一代继电器发展的重要方向。



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